翻译研究的实然世界与应然世界

The Factual and the Evaluative World in Translation Studies

翻译研究中存在着"应该忠实"与"无须忠实"、语言层面与文化层面之间的对立,是把翻译研究中的实然世界与应然世界混为一谈造成的结果。实然世界致力于对翻译事实规律的认识,应然世界则是有关翻译价值和信仰的谈论。前者求真,后者求善;前者是事实,后者是理想;前者是客体尺度,后者是主体尺度。两者具有独立性,不能用一方的研究否定另一方的研究。

Opposition in translation studies between such conflicting ideas as ＂ought to be faithful＂ and ＂needn＇ t be faithful＂ is caused by lack of distinction between the factual and the evaluative world in translation studies. Factual statements describe what ranslation is while evaluative statements prescribe how translation ought to be. Description and evaluation are different activities md there＇ s no logical bridge between them. Hence the validity of a factual statement is not to be questioned or denied by an ethi- ：al judgment. Nor is an ethical judgment necessarily invalidated by a factual statement.