四川麻咪泽自然保护区雉类资源调查

Survey on Galliformes in Mamize Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province

2006年3～6月,用鸣声记录法对四川麻咪泽自然保护区的雉类资源进行了初步的调查。共记录到4种雉类,分别为红腹角雉、白腹锦鸡、雉鸡和四川山鹧鸪(仅在原始林记录到1只),用Distance软件计算出前3种鸣叫雄体的种群密度分别为16.8±5.3只/km2、9.7±1.6只/km2和6.8±3.3只/km2。雉类在不同生境中的种类及不同种的种群密度都有较大的差异,在灌草丛生境只有雉鸡1种,原始林、人工林和次生林各有3种。这几个种的种群密度在灌草丛-人工林-次生林-原始林的生境变化中,表现出一定的梯度变异,即白腹锦鸡的种群密度由人工林-次生林-原始林逐渐降低,红腹角雉逐渐升高;雉鸡的密度由灌草丛-人工林-次生林逐渐降低。

A call count method was used to survey the Galliformes of Mamize Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province from March to June 2006. Surveys were conducted in four broad habitat types ： primary forest, secondary forest, replanted forest, and shrub meadow, Survey data were analyzed using DISTANCE software to produce abundance estimates for each species. Four species of Galliformes were recorded from call count points ： Lady Amherst＇s Pheasant, Temminck＇s Tragopan, Common Pheasant, and Sichuan Hill-partridge. Lady Amherst＇s Pheasant and Temminck＇s Tragopan were recorded in all three forest habitats, Common Pheasant was encountered in replanted forest and secondary forest, and was the only species recorded in shrub meadow. Sichuan Hill-partridge was recorded only once, in primary forest, so no abundance estimates could be pro- duced. The overall density of calling males of Temminck＇s Tragopan was estimated at 16.8 ± 5.3/km^2, while the estimated density of calling male of Lady Amherst＇s Pheasant was 9, 7 ± 1.6/km^2, and that of calling male of Common Pheasant was 6.8 ± 3, 3/km^2. The density of Lady Amherst＇s Pheasant was significantly higher in replanted （20. 6 ± 3.9/km^2 ） and secondary forests （ 18.4 ± 4. 9/km^2 ） than in primary forest （4.0 ± 2. 2/km^2 ） , while that of Temminck＇s Tragopan was significantly higher in secondary （21.8 ±7.1/km^2） and primary forests （29. 3 ±7.1/km^2） than in replanted forest （3.3±2. 6/ km^2 ）. Common Pheasant was recorded at the highest density in shrub meadow （55.9 ± 14. 2/km^2 ）, which was significantly different to densities in replanted （ 1, 4 ±0. 5/km^2 ） and secondary forests （0. 3 ±0. 2/km^2 ）. While Temminck＇s Tragopan and Lady Amherst＇s Pheasant were recorded in all forest habitats, It appears that primary and secondary forests are the most important habitats for the former species, and secondary and replanted forests are more important for the later species. Therefore, habitat management at Mamize Nature Reserve needs to consider the apparent different relationships between broad habitat types and abundances of Galliformes species in order for effective species conservation.