水禽流感的流行特点及预防控制

Epidemic Characteristic and Control of Waterfowl Influenza

禽流感已有100多年的历史,遍布世界许多国家和地区,不仅给养禽业造成了巨大的经济损失,而且已可直接传染给人,威胁人类公共卫生安全。众所周知,流感病毒(AIV)最复杂的生态系统在鸭、鹅等水禽,而水禽不仅是AIV的巨大贮存库和传染源,其本身也对AIV高度易感,可自然感染HPAIV,发病并死亡。随着禽流感威胁的不断升级,水禽流感的研究也不断深入。本文从水禽流感的流行病学和公共卫生学意义,以及在传播过程中的作用等方面作扼要综述,并对水禽流感的预防和控制提出一些建议。

The avian influenza with a history of more than 100 years since 1878, has already spread all over the countries and regions in the world at present and has caused the enormous economic losses on birds industry. The article summerizes the advances in AI epidemiology and public hygiene reasearch and puts forward some suggestions to AI prevention and control.