新型糖肽类抗生素奥利万星

A new glycopeptide antimicrobial-oritavancin

奥利万星(oritavancin,LY333328)是一种半合成的新型的糖肽类抗生素,作用机制与万古霉素和替考拉宁相同,即抑制G+菌细胞壁的生物合成。具有独特的药动学性质。其抗菌谱包括金葡球菌、耐甲氧西林金葡球菌(MRSA);表皮葡萄球菌及凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CoNS),包括耐甲氧西林及一些耐替考拉宁菌;肠球菌,包括耐万古霉素替考拉宁(vanA)屎肠球菌和粪肠球菌;链球菌,包括化脓性链球菌和肺炎链球菌,包括耐青霉素肺炎链球菌;G+厌氧菌,包括消化链球菌属、短小棒状杆菌和艰难梭状芽胞杆菌。在治疗皮肤和软组织感染上已取得了良好的效果。现对其作用机制、抗菌活性、药动学及临床研究做一综述。

Oritavancin, a semisynthetic glycopeptide, mechanism of action is same as vancomycin-inhibiting biosynthesis of Gram-positive bacteria cell wall. The antibacterial spectrum of oritavancin covers staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains; staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative staphylococci, including methicillin-resistant and some teicoplanin-resistant strains; enterococci, including vancomycin-resistant, teicoplanin-resistant isolates of enterococcus faecium and enterococcus faecalis; streptococci, including streptococcus pyogenes and streptococcus pneumoniae, including penicillin-resistant isolates;Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria. It has a long-term half-life and has been dosed once-daily in clinical trials. Oritavancin has been shown to be effective for the treatment of patients with complicated skin and skin structure infections.