云南省主要反刍家畜饲养基地土壤硒含量、分布及其影响因素研究

A Study on the Contents and Distribution a of Selenium and its Influencing factors in Soils from Main Livestock Feeding Bases of Yunnan Province

通过对云南省主要家畜饲养基地所在巍山、洱源、丽江、永胜、元江、通海、陆良、宜良和昭通9个县（市）的149个土壤硒含量的分析，对云南省土壤硒含量、分布及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明：149个耕作层土样含硒量在0．0732～0．638mg／kg之间，平均值为0．256mg／kg。大多数土壤属于足硒土壤范畴，整个地区大部分土壤含硒正常，属中等含硒水平。在各土壤类别中，玄武岩红壤和碳酸盐岩红壤，硒平均含量最高，而多源黄红壤、紫色土、碎屑岩黄红壤和变质岩赤红壤硒的平均含量均低于全国硒的背景值。成土母质对土壤硒含量及分布的影响突出，由白云岩、玄武岩和灰岩发育的土壤硒含量都高于全国土壤硒背景值，而砂岩发育土壤硒含量低于全国背景值。此外土壤pH、有机质、CEC以及铁、锰、钴、碘、铜、钠和锌的含量与土壤硒的含量关系密切。

This article studied the content, distribution and influence factor of selenium in soils by analyzing 149 soil samples from main livestock feeding bases including Weishan, Eryuan, Lijiang, Yongsheng, Yuanjiang, Tonghai, Luliang, Yiliang and Zhaotong counties in Yunnan provice. The results showed that there is a big variance on selenium content of soils. The range is from 0. 073 2 to 0. 638 mg/kg. The mean was 0. 256 mg/kg. Most selenium content in the soils are at sufficient level. The selenium contents in soils from Paleozoic Basalt and Red Earth Area of Carbonzte have the highest value. The selenium contents in soils from multi-Yellow-Red Earth, Purple Earth Clastic Yellow-Red earth and metamorphite red soil are lower than average value in China. Soils parent material affects the content and distribution of selenium. Selenium contents in soils from dolomite, basalt and limestone are higher than chinese average value. However, selenium contents in soils from sandstone are lower than Chinese average value. In addition, there are correlation between the pH, OM, CEC and the contents of iron, manganese, cobalt, iodine, copper, sodium and zinc in soil.