氯胺酮在急性中毒家兔体内的分布

Distribution of ketamine in acute poisoned rabbits

目的建立氯胺酮的家兔急性中毒模型,研究氯胺酮在家兔体内的分布情况。方法按150mg/kg剂量给予实验家兔盐酸氯胺酮溶液,灌胃,30min后处死。样品用乙酸乙酯萃取后,气相色谱/质谱联用法(GC/MS)对家兔体液和组织中的氯胺酮进行定性分析,气相色谱法定量分析。结果急性中毒家兔体液和组织中氯胺酮浓度大小依次是:尿>肝>胆汁>肾>血>脾>心>肺>脑。结论肾、胆是氯胺酮的主要排泄途径,对疑为口服氯胺酮中毒死亡的案件,除血液外,尿液、肾脏、肝脏及胆汁是毒物分析的最佳检材,建立的提取检测方法可应用于氯胺酮滥用的分析和科学研究。

Objective To investigate the distribution of ketamine in rabbit model of acute poisoning. Methods Acute poisoning models were established in rabbits with gavage of ketamine hydrochloride solution （150 mg/kg, ig） and killed 30 minutes later. Specimens were extracted with ethyl acetate. The level of ketamine in biological fluids and tissues of rabbits was qualitatively determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry （GC/MS） and gas chromatography （GC）. Results Highest level of ketamine in biological fluids and tissues of the acute poisoned rabbits was found in urine, followed by liver; bile, kidney, blood, spleen, heart, lung and brain. Conclusion Blood, urine, kidney, liver and bile appear to be the most suitable specimens for determination of ketamine in cases of ketamine abuse. The present method may be used in forensic identification and scientific research.