海洋微藻多糖微波提取法研究

Study on the Microwave Extraction of Polysaccharides in Marine Alga

选取自养小球藻(Chlorella autotrophica)为实验材料,采用微波法提取多糖,以温度、时间、pH以及微波功率4个因子建立正交实验,考察单因素影响情况。实验结果表明,在温度70℃、时间30min、pH为7、功率为600W条件下粗多糖的产率最高,为291.13mg/g(粗多糖/干重),远高于传统热水浸提法所得粗多糖产率(78.52mg/g,粗多糖/干重),且所得粗多糖与热水浸提法获得的粗多糖具有相似的红外光谱。说明,在一定的实验条件下,与热水浸提法相比,微波提取法不仅不会破坏多糖的结构,还有耗时短、有较高的多糖产率的优势。

Polysaccharides were extracted from Chlorella autotrophica with the microwave method. In order to find out the best extraction condition, 4 factors of extraction, that is, temperature, time, medium solution pH and microwave power were adopted to build a orthogonal optimization experimental system and each factor was respectively examined. Results show that under the best condition of 70 ℃, 30 min, pH = 7 and 600 w, the recovery ratio is 291.13 mg/g （crude polysaccharide / dried weight） which is higher than that by traditional hot water extraction, 78.52 mg/g （crude polysaccharide / dried weight）. The crude polysaccharides collected by two extraction methods have similar IR spectra. Comparing with traditional hot-water immersed method, the microwave extraction will not destroy the chemical structure of polysaccharide, but consume less time and get higher recovery ratio.