基于Amira软件的小腿外侧供区皮瓣三维可视化设计

Design of three-dimensional visualization for lateral flaps of legs based on the operational platform of Amira software

目的利用个人电脑(PC),结合图像处理软件Amira4·1对小腿外侧皮瓣进行三维重建,建立皮瓣动脉的可视化数字模型。方法明胶-氧化铅混悬液灌注的新鲜成人标本1具,行下肢多排螺旋CT扫描,观测腓动脉的分布及彼此间的吻合情况,将数据输入个人PC,利用Amira软件,经剪切、分割、表面重建及体绘制等步骤,根据解剖结构特点,对皮肤及其血管进行三维重建,获得立体形态的动脉皮瓣结构。结果重建了皮瓣主要构成,重建的三维结构可以多彩色、透明或任意组合显示,经不同角度观察,整体显示清晰、实体感强,皮肤、动脉的相互关系一目了然。在三维表面重建的图像中可清楚地观察各解剖结构的形态,特别是皮瓣动脉的分支及其体表投影得到了很好的显示。结论小腿外侧皮瓣三维重建对基础研究、临床试验及手术规划具有重要价值,应用Ami-ra软件可为三维建模提供基础。

Objective To discuss the three-dimensional reconstruction of lateral flaps of legs by Amira 4. 1 based on an operational platform of personal computer, and to establish their digitized visible models. Methods A fresh adult cadaver specimen was perfused with the mixture of lead oxide-gelatine. The eikonic data were imputed into personal computer. Radiographs of CT scanning of the lower legs were digitally analyzed by Amira 4. 1 software. The segmented areas for skin, arteries and flap structures were displayed in different colors using tools of Brush, Lasso and Magic wand. By several steps, according to particularities of anatomy structures and traits of images, stereo images of the flap and its blood vessel structure were performed by several algorithms. The 3D reconstruction via the Amira 4. 1 software consisted of tracing the contours of the anatomical structures to be reconstructed; adjusting the contours of stacked points by geometrical alignment; modeling the surfaces by meshing the framework of the points transformed into polygons and smoothing the contours of the object reconstructed from points. Three dimensional computerized reconstructions of lateral flaps of legs were conducted from these data using Amira 4. 1 by computer-assisted imaging processing. Results The 3D images of the flap and its blood vessel structure by Amira were dearly displayed, and the surface and volume information could be obtained. The 3D images could display perfectly the main structures of flap and other adjacent structures by means of personal computer and software Amira 4. 1. Correlation of cross-sectional images from CT- scanning to 3D models was a more effective way for understanding the flap anatomy. Conclusion Three-dimensional computerized recon- struction for lateral flaps of legs may provide great value for clinical experiments, basic research and surgical planning, and the Amira 4. 11 software is of vital for three-dimensional reconstruction.