基于大地测量理论的井眼轨迹监测方法

A Method for Monitoring Wellbore Trajectory Based on the Theory of Geodesy

为了保证井眼轨迹监测与控制的有效性和可靠性,必须建立统一的坐标基准和科学的归算方法。介绍了国家大地测量基准,论述了地球椭球的高斯投影原理,结合实例阐述了高斯投影换算方法,并重点研讨了井眼轨迹的归算问题。研究表明:目前我国有些油田或油井的井眼轨迹监测与控制结果,在水平方向上的坐标误差可能达到数十米,亟待制定石油工程中的国家坐标基准并改进井眼轨迹的监测方法。系统论述了大地测量学的有关理论,提出了井眼轨迹的归算基准和方法,为正确实施井眼轨迹的监测与控制奠定了理论基础,对提高井眼轨迹的监测精度和可靠性具有重要意义。

For the purpose of monitoring and controlling the wellbore trajectory effectively and reliably, a unified geodetic coordinate system and a scientific method of coordinate conversion must be constructed. This paper introduced the geodetic coordinate system and the Gauss projection theory of earth ellipsold. This paper illustrated the Gauss projection calculation method with examples and emphasized the co ordinate conversion of wellbore trajectory. The research results indicate that it is imperative to construct the national geodetic coordinate system in petroleum engineering to improve the method for monitoring the wellbore trajectory in China considering that the horizontal coordinate errors of calculated wellbore trajec tories in some oilfields or wells may reach several decade meters. The related theories of geodesy systemi cally discussed and the coordinate datum and coordinate conversion method of wellbore trajectory proposed in this paper established the theoretical base for accurately monitoring and controlling the wellbore trajectory, which is very important to improve the precision and reliability of monitoring the wellbore trajectory.