微波辐射无皂乳液聚合制备聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯微球

Preparation of Polybutylcyanoacrylate Microspheres via Emulsifier-Free Emulsion Polymerization and Microwave Irradiation

在微波辐射的"非致热效应"作用下,采用不含乳化剂的无皂乳液聚合,制备了聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯(PBCA)微球。通过透射电子显微镜观察了微球的形态结构,利用激光光散射粒度测定仪测定了微球的粒径大小及其分布,探讨了柠檬酸浓度、氰基丙烯酸正丁酯(BCA)用量、微波辐射功率等对微球粒径的影响。研究结果表明,与常规无皂乳液聚合相比较,微波作用下的无皂乳液聚合反应时间缩短,得到的PBCA微球粒径更小,分散性更好。柠檬酸浓度增加,PBCA微球粒径逐渐增大;单体浓度增加,或微波功率增加,PBCA微球的粒径先减小后增大。当柠檬酸质量分数为0.005%、BCA体积分数为1.0%、微波功率为600W时,所制得的微球粒径最小,为200nm左右。

The emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of butylcyanoacrylate （BCA） was successfully carried out under the non-thermal effect of microwave irradiation. The morphologies and the sizes of the polybutylcyanoacrylate （PBCA） microspheres were characterized by TEM and PCS. The effects of citric acid concentration, monomer BCA concentration, and microwave power on the sizes of the PBCA microspheres were investigated. The results show that microwave irradiation could shorten the polymerization time, and the PBCA microspheres prepared by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization under the non-thermal effect of microwave irradiation were smaller, more uniform than those obtained with conventional method. Under the same microwave power and monomer BCA concentration, the size of the PBCA microsphere increased with the increasing of the citric acid concentration. At the same citric acid concentration, the size of the PBCA microsphere decreased firstly and then increased with increasing the microwave power and the monomer BCA concentration. It was found that the microspheres with diameter almost 200 nm were obtained at a citric acid concentration of 0. 005% , a monomer BCA concentration of 1.0% , and a microwave power of 600 W.