东湖水环境污染因素与整治措施

Study on Water Environment Pollution Factors and Renovation Measurements of the East Lake

应用主成分分析原理，按照主成分提取的信息，超过原始信息84％的原则，研究东湖污染物来源、扩散、迁移、沉淀、聚积的动态变化规律，以采取有效措施来减轻污染。对东湖的子湖——郭郑湖、汤林湖、庙湖等分别进行分析，其结果表明，东湖的郭郑湖：第一类污染源是来自于湖区周围的工业尘埃，占56％；第二类污染源是来自于交通尾气、生活污水和雨水片流，占16％；第三类污染源是来自于电镀、印刷等工业废水，占12％。与汤林湖相比，郭郑湖的污染程度高于汤林湖。庙湖沉积物的分析表明，总磷、不稳态磷、铝结合磷和铁结合磷含量随深度增加而降低，在表层0～10cm有富积现象。并经过对东湖实施截污、清淤和引江灌湖等治理措施后，使其水环境得到显著地改善，为湖泊环境防治、管理提供了重要科学依据。

Based on principal component analysis method, according to the rule that the information picked by principal component exceeds 84% of original information, the dynamic change law of source, diffusion, transfer, deposition and accumulation of contaminant of the East Lake was studied in this paper to reduce the pollution through effective measure. Three child lakes of the East lake, namely Guozheng Lake, Tanglin Lake and Miaohu Lake were studied. The results indicated that for the Guozheng Lake, the first pollution source was from industrial coal dust around the lake, which accounted 56% of the whole source, the second one was from tail gas, domestic sewage and rain flow, which accounted for 16%, and the third one was from industrial sewage, such as electro plate, press, and so on, which accounted for 12%. Contrasted with Tanglin Lake, the pollution degree of Guozheng Lake was seriously. The analysis of sediment of Miaohu Lake indicated that the content of TP, LP, Al-p and Fe-P decreased with the increase of depth, and was rich in the upper 0-10 cm sediment layers. Through the measures of sewage interception, cleaning up silt and di verting Yangtze River to the Lake, the water environment of the East Lake was remarkably improved. This will provide important scientific basis for the management and renovation of the lake environment.