近30年来城市化进程对北京区域气温的影响

Effect of urbanization on the temperature of Beijing metropolis in recent 30 years.

分析了20世纪70年代以来北京市气温指数的变化规律,发现其与城市化进程有良好对应关系。并应用主成分分析方法,将影响北京城区及郊县各站气温变化的因子分为区域因子及局地因子。计算表明,城市化带来的热岛效应是导致局地增暖的主要因子,占总增暖比重的47.5%～61.2%。在众多表征城市发展的指标中,气温与人口总量的相关性最好。以上结果有助于深入探讨城市化对区域气候的影响机制。

In this paper, principal component analysis was used to probe into urbanization effect on the temperature of Beijing in recent 30 years. Results show that urban heat effect in simultaneity with urbanization is the main cause of urban temperature rise. Estimated proportion of urban heat effect to urban temperature is from 47.5 % to 61.2%. Furthermore,correlativity between metropolitan temperature rise and urban population is very strong. Thus this work provides a fundamental reference for the study of urbanization effect on urban climate.