急性白血病并发社区感染的临床研究

Clinical analysis of acute leukemia associated with community acquired infections

目的探讨急性白血病(AL)患者并发社区感染的临床特点。方法分析488例住院治疗的AL患者临床资料。结果488例AL患者共发生社区感染276例,感染部位以呼吸道、口腔、皮肤软组织和肛门为主,致病菌主要是G-菌、G+球菌和真菌,病原菌检出率低。易感因素与年龄、疾病状态、中性粒细胞(N)、血浆白蛋白和合并症有关。结论AL并发社区感染发生率高,粒细胞缺乏是AL并发社区感染的高危因素,应积极预防处理,控制易感因素是预防社区感染的有效方法,注意合理使用抗生素。

Objective To outline the clinical characteristics of acute leukemia （AL） associated with conununity - acquired infections. Methods The history records of 488 hospitalized patients with AL were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 488 cases, of 276 cases associated with community- acquired infections,, the major infected sites were respiratory tract, mouth, skin and anus; the major pathogens were Gram- negative bacilli, Gram- positive cocci and fungi, the detectable rate of pathogens was low. The community infection was related positively with age, state of disease, neutrophil, plasma albumin and complications. Conclusion The incidence of AL associated with community - acquired infections is high, granulocytopenis is the risk factor of it. The preventive treatment measures, controlling susceptible factors and rational use of antibiotics are effective in prevention community - acquired infections.