1965年来中国对外贸易的地域差异及其格局演变

The Development of Foreign Trade in China's Seven Economic Regions and Its Regional Pattern Changes, 1965-2004

在研究近40年(1965-2004)全国及三大地带对外贸易总量、对外贸易密度、对外依存度变化及对外贸易区域格局演变的基础上,进一步总结、分析我国七大经济区近40年对外贸易总量、对外贸易密度、对外依存度变化的基本特点及其区域格局演变的基本趋势,并总结对外贸易区域格局形成的基本成因。研究发现,与全国和三大地带的演变趋势相似,①从时间尺度看,近40年,七大经济区的对外贸易发展亦呈长期增长态势,外贸年均增长速度长期高于GDP年均增长速度;②1978年改革开放后国家发展战略、制度、政策的变革加剧推动了时间尺度上七大经济区的对外贸易发展;③但从空间尺度看,东南沿海经济区与其他经济区对外贸易的区域差异格局却没有根本改变;④随着市场经济的发展,其他六大经济区的相对地位反呈较大下降趋势。

Based on the calculation and analysis of the statistical data on foreign trade and GDP in China and the primary study on the foreign trade development concerning China and the three major regions, the authors discussed the following issues concerning the foreign trade development in seven economic regions of China and its regional pattern changes in different periods from 1965 to 2004 in this paper, as the growth of foreign trade value, the changes of degree of foreign economic dependence, the changes of regional distribution and the causes to the changes. The major conclusions by the authors are： （l） the change of national development strategies turned the enclosed China into an open country; （2） the amounts of foreign trade have been increased both nationally and regionally, however, there is no fundamental change to the relative positions of the seven regions in the national foreign trade; （3） the gap of foreign trade has not been narrowed, but enlarged among these seven regions, particularly between Southeast China and other regions; and （4） with the development of market-oriented economy, the disparity between Southeast China and other regions has been accelerated.