兴安落叶松种源试验的研究

STUDY ON THE PROVENANCE TEST OF DAHURIAN LARCH (LARIX GMELINII)

根据满归参试点16种源生长、气候资料的主分量分析(PCA)和模糊聚类(FUZZY)的综合分析,对我国境内的兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)划分成5个种源区。它们是:①大兴安岭中北部种源区(编号为Ⅰ),包括两个亚区:满归亚区(Ⅰ-1)和根河亚区(Ⅰ-2);③大兴安岭南部种源区(编号为Ⅱ),包括两个亚区,阿尔山亚区(Ⅱ-3)和绰尔亚区(Ⅱ-4);③大兴安岭东部种源区(编号为Ⅲ);④小兴安岭北部种源区(编号为Ⅳ),包括桦皮窑亚区(Ⅳ-5)和三站亚区(Ⅳ-6);⑤小兴安岭中南部种源区(编号为Ⅴ)经7年生幼树高生长的显著性测验(SSR测验),选出了满归及毗邻地区的最佳种源,即小兴安岭的三站种源。利用最佳种源育苗造林,其高生长的遗传增益将为当地种源的12.55％。 文章还对兴安落叶松8年生树高生长及其节律的地理变异规律进行了分析。

Larix gmelinii distributed within China was divided into 5 provenance zones on the basis of PCA and FUZZY of growth and climatogical data of 16 provenances in Mangui. These are as follows: (1) The central and northern provenance zone of the Great Xing′an Mountains (No. Ⅰ), including two subdivisions of Mangui (Ⅰ-1) and Genhe(Ⅰ-2) (2) The southern provenance zone of the Great Xing′an Mountains (No. Ⅱ), including two subdivisions of Arshan (Ⅱ-3) and Chaoer (Ⅱ-4); (3) The eastern provenance zone of the Great Xing′an Mountains (No. Ⅲ);(4) The northern provenance zone of the Lesser Xing′an Mountains (No. Ⅳ), including Huapiyao (Ⅳ-5) and Sanzhan (Ⅳ-6) subdivisions; (5) The central and southern provenance zone of the Lesser Xingan Mountains (No. Ⅴ). Sanzhan provenance was chosen as optimum provenance for Mangui and its neighbourhood according to the height (SR-Test) of 7-year-old trees, that is, if the optimum provenance is used for forestation, the height growth will increase by 12.55％, as compared to the indigeous provenance. The geographical variation about growth was analysed based on 8-year-old height increment of tree.