玉器中的螭纹

Hydra Designs on Jade Articles

螭是龙属的蛇状神圣之物,螭纹人们俗称螭龙纹、螭虎纹,是一种没有角的早期龙,因其多呈盘曲蜿蜒或攀援匍匐状,故考古界常把螭称作蟠螭,《广雅》集里就有“无角曰螭龙”的记述。但从战国汉代玉雕螭纹看,就分无角和有角的两种,段玉裁《说文解字注》螭字条：“（或云无角曰螭）六字疑后人所增,非许书本有。”甚是。

Hydra is a kind of hornless dragon in ancient folklore. This paper introduces features of hydra design on jade articles from Spring and Autumn period and Warring States period to Qing dynasty, taking hydra designs on excavated jade articles as examples.