建国初期山区土改中的群众动员——以陕南土改为例

Mass Mobilization in the Mountainous Areas During the Land Reform in the Early Days of New China:Taking the Land Reform in Southern Shaanxi as an Example

建国初期山区土改的顺利进行,离不开成功的群众动员。为了在旧势力强大、信息闭塞的山区把广大群众普遍地动员起来,土改工作组广泛开展了阶级教育、"谁养活谁"的教育和翻身教育。群众一经动员起来形成轰轰烈烈的群众运动,难免出现混乱现象,针对这种情况,中共中央、国务院、各省或下发文件予以指导纠正,或派人赴山区检查制止,使不正确的做法得到及时纠正,保证了土改工作在广泛发动群众的基础上没有发生太大的偏差,得以比较顺利地完成。

The land reform in the mountainous areas could not be carried out smoothly without successful mass mobilization in the early days of New China.In order to get the broad masses generally mobilized in the ill-informed mountainous areas with powerful old forces,the working teams of land reform launched widespread class education,emancipation education and education about who feed whom.Once the masses were mobilized and vigorous mass movements were in full swing confusions were difficult to be avoided.Taking this into consideration,the central authorities of the CPC,the State Council and various provincial governments issued guiding documents or sent people to the mountainous areas for inspection and prevention,consequently,the misconduct were timely corrected and the land reform was carried out relatively smoothly on the basis of mass mobilization.Generally speaking,no great deviations occurred.