野外驻训地域媒介生物种类调查及防治措施探讨

Study on the species of vector and control measures in the area of field exercise

目的了解野外驻训地域媒介生物种类及其分布,对指导部队驻训做好媒介生物防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用查阅收集相关文献资料,结合现场调查收集标本、分类鉴定进行整理分析。结果野外驻训地域媒介生物计16科103属295种,以蚊蝇类为主,占68.81%,其他类占31.19%。其中各地主要媒介生物为20~22种,普遍存在的主要媒介生物有4属8种,吸血骚扰4属6种,卫生害虫2种。其主要危害不仅可通过吸血、刺螫、寄生、骚扰以及引起变态反应等直接危害人类健康,而且更重要的是可作为许多病原体的媒介或携带者,能够传播疾病。结论基本摸清了野外驻训地域媒介生物的种类及危害,防治对策应重点采取以环境治理和强化防护为主的综合性措施。

Objective To understand the species of medical vector and their distribution in the areas of field military exercise, so as to provide scientific basis for controlling and preventing them. Methods Related documents were searched and collected, specimens were collected by field investigation, then classified, identified and analyzed. Results The species of medical vector were more than 295, and there were 16 families, 103 genera. The fly and mosquito accounted for 68.81% in numbers, other kind accounted for 31.19%. Medical vector species was mainly in 20 -22 everywhere. 8 species of 4 genera medical vector, 6 species of hemophagia genus, 2 species of hygiene vermin were commody existed. The endangerments was disturbance by sucking blood, stabbing with a dagger, parasitism, harassing and arousing an allergy mainly; they were playing important roles on disease transmission. Conclusion The species and endangerments of important medical vertor were revealed in the areas of field military exercise, which indicated that integrated measures of control and prevention should be taken, which included environmental improvement, preventing and killing insects and emphasizing personal protection.