一类嗜角蛋白真菌——金孢属的应用价值评介

A Study and Application Progresses in a Group of Keratinophilic Fungi-the Genus Chrysosporium

金孢属(Chrysosporium)真菌在地球上分布广泛,具有较强的环境适应能力,能产生许多有用的代谢物。它们是一个喜角蛋白的类群,大多数可以产生角蛋白酶。此类真菌在国民经济中有广泛的应用价值。文中评述了金孢属真菌产生的抗癌、抗真菌、抗寄生虫等抗生素类物质的研究进展,以及此类真菌在生物防治、食品工业、日用化工、皮革生产、纺织工业、造纸工业、功能酶的生产、环境检测与保护等方面的研究状况及其潜在的应用价值和研究意义,同时介绍了金孢属的某些种作为人或动物病原菌的研究进展。

The species of Chrysosporium distributed widely all over the world. They have strong adaptability to different conditions and can produce diverse antibiotic substances, enzymes and other extracellular metabolites useful to human beings. Besides, the genus Chrysosporium is one of keratinophilic fimgi, many species of which can produce keratinases. So the genus Chrysosporium may be widely utilized in some fields of national economy. The paper reviewed the study progresses on antibiotics, enzyme and other metabolite produced by Chrysosporium species and their potential applications in industry, agriculture, environmental protection and biocontrol fields. In addition, some species of Chrysosporium as the pathogeny of human being and animals were also introduced.