杉木雄性不育株与可育株小孢子囊发育的电镜研究

ELECTRON MICROSCOPE OBSERVATION ON THE MICROSPORANGIUM DEVELOPMENT IN MALE-STERLIE PLANT AND MALE-FERTILE PLANT OF CUNNINGHAMIA LANCEOLATA

杉木雄性不育属“无花粉型”，败育从无孢原细胞到四分体时期，中层细胞增生，压迫小孢子母细胞，使之养分更加缺乏并引起减数分裂异常。其表皮层和药室内壁细胞中具大量蛋白体，影响了绒毡层对小孢子发育的外源蛋白的供应；表皮层具膜状溶酶体，引起淀粉粒缺乏和酶系统代谢异常；绒毡层发育后期，缺少包被小泡、乌氏体及绒毡层膜，内质同少、短而光滑，严重影响了绒毡层对小孢子母细胞或小孢子养分和合成细胞壁物质的供给；线粒体发育异常，能量代谢减弱，导致小孢子母细胞或小孢子一系列生理活动紊乱及其原生质体解体。

The male sterile in Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb. ) Hook. belong to no pollen type. Male abortion was from no sporangial initial to microspore tetrad. The multiplications of the middle layer cells extruded tapetum and microspore mother cells, and consumed large amounts of nutrition, which made the meiosis of the microspore mother cells abnormal and the cells short of nutrition evenly. There were much protein-bodies in the vacuoles of its epidermal and endothecium cells, which affected to provide exine-protein for microsporogensis by the tapetum. Several membranous lysosomes in its epidermal cells caused short of starch grains and abnormality of enzyme system metabolism; in later peroid of the tapetum development,there were no coated vesicles, ubisch bodies and tapetal membrane in the tapetum; a few endoplasm reticula were short and smooth. These affected seriously the supply of nutrition to microspore mother cells or microspore and synthesis of cell wall material. Their abnormal mitochonolria development and the weak energy metabolism caused the disorder of other physiological activities of microspore mother cells or microspore and the disintegration of their protoplast.