施肥对中长绒陆地棉产量和品质的影响

Effect of fertilization on cotton yield and quality

通过对供试棉田土壤主要养分限制因子及中长绒陆地棉最佳施肥量研究表明,氮素是供试土壤的第一养分限制因子,其次是磷素和钾素,对中长绒棉产量影响的养分限制因子顺序为氮>磷>钾。平衡施肥的N、P2O5、K2O施肥量分别为207、138、75 kg/hm2时能显著提高中长绒陆地棉的产量。不施肥CK处理相对OPT(氮磷钾最佳施肥处理)减产达33%。通过氮磷钾肥料效应方程得到N、P2O5、K2O最佳经济施肥量分别为203.3、141.7、46 kg/hm2,N∶P2O5∶K2O为1∶0.70∶0.23,最佳经济皮棉产量分别为1474、1550和1516 kg/hm2。

Limiting factors of primary nutrient in the cotton soil and the optimal fertilization quantity on land cotton were studied. The results showed that the first nutrient limiting factor in experiment soil was nitrogen, phosphor and potassium were following. The order of nutrients limiting factors which affected the cotton yield was N 〉 P 〉 K. OPT treatment which nitrogen, phosphor and potassium fertilization optimum quantity were respectively 207, 138, 75 kg/hm^2 could increase the cotton yield significantly. Comparing with OPT treatment, cotton reducing yield on CK （no used fertilizer） treatment was 33%. According to equations of N, P, K feailizer, the most economic N, P2O5, K2O fertilizer quantity were 203.3, 141.7, 46 kg/hm2 respectively. N：P2O5： K2O was 1 ： 0.70 ： 0.23. The most economic yields of cotton were 1474, 1550, 1516 kg/hm^2 respectively.