北京城市老年人的日常活动路径及其时空特征

The Characteristics of Daily Activity of the Elderly in Beijing City

运用时间地理学方法,通过对北京市3个典型城市社区中老年人24 h活动日志的问卷调查,描述北京城市老年人日常生活活动类型的一般时空特征。运用日活动路径分析,从微观层面探讨老年人的年龄、性别、收入、家庭结构等因素对一天的时间尺度内日常生活活动的影响。通过考察城市老年人日常生活活动的一般性规律和个性化差异,为适应老龄化趋势的和谐城市规划建设实践提供科学依据。

The urban ageing progress is speed up in China in the 21st century, and social problem especially in Beijing City. Establishing its framework on time-geography, ageing becomes a serious this paper focuses on the daily activity of urban elderly. Through questionnaire of activity diary surveys of the elderly in urban communities in Beijing, it finds that ： （ 1 ） The primary daily activity of the elderly was performed in their houses and inside neighborhood; （2） Most of the outdoors activity is in the morning and afternoon, and the group recreation take places in the early morning; （3）Leisure accounts for a large proportion, and shopping mostly takes place in the morning in the time use structure. Then through deep interviewing of typical cases and employing the method of daily path, it analyzes the difference in time-space structure among different individual attributes： （ 1 ） The activity space of younger, male and higher income elderly is larger; （2） The younger, female elderly and the elderly who live together with their grandchildren spend more time on housework and shopping, thus has less leisure time; （3） The lower income elderly take a longer journey to ＂hawkers market＂ for cheap necessities.