元代的鱼盐与盐法

The Research on Fishing Salt and Salt Law of Yuan Dynasty

元代的盐课收入在国家财政收入中占有关键地位,用于腌制鱼鲞的鱼盐也被纳入严密的控制之中。由于鱼盐可以随鱼鲞自由地流通,这就引起了各运司,特别是鱼鲞的主产地淮、浙两运司在鱼鲞贸易及鱼盐管理上的冲突。这个冲突反映出元代盐法的地域性差别,同时,盐司之间在鱼盐管理上的矛盾最终会上诉至中央,对这些矛盾的处置及相关管理政策法规的制定,也引人注目地从一个方面体现了中央与运司之间的关系。对鱼盐管理制度的考察可以从一个侧面折射出元代盐法的整体特征,并启发我们思考经济政策制定与变革过程中尊重地域性差异与政策的统一性之间的关系。

The salt revenue occupied the key position of national public finance revenue. The fishing salt that used to bloat dried fish was also tight controlled. The fishing salt can be circulated freely. It caused the conflicts between the transportation departments, especially between the dried fish trade and the fishing salt management of Huai and Zhe that dried fish was mainly produced. The conflicts reflected the regional difference of salt law of Yuan Dynasty. The conflicts of the fishing salt bureaus management fishing salt will be appealed to the Central. The relations of the Central and the transportation departments were showed by the handling of these conflicts and the draft of the managements and laws. The research of the management institutions of the fishing salt manifests the whole characteristics of salt law. It will enlighten us to study the relations of the regional difference and the unity of policy when we draw up the economical laws and regulations.