论死刑限制的刑罚哲学根据——兼论经济犯罪死刑的废除

On Philosophy of Confinement of Death Penalty——Also on the Abolition of Death Penalty of Economic Crime

中国刑法中现在还存在死刑。废除死刑是国际发展趋势。讨论死刑适用与存废问题,应该从刑罚哲学的角度加以探讨,才能把握问题的方向和本质,得出符合逻辑的结论。刑罚的哲学根据,按照通说有报应论和功利论。从康德和黑格尔的报应论来看,死刑只能用于罪大恶极的暴力犯罪,适用死刑是出于对生命价值的重视,对于经济犯罪适用死刑贬低了生命的价值。从古典功利论发展出的刑罚个别预防论也提出了保留死刑、限制死刑的主张。为此,以刑罚的哲学根据为视角,得出经济犯罪处死刑缺乏正当性基础的结论。

Abs Death penaltyis still kept in our criminal law. Restriction on abolition of death penalty is the trend of our world. From the theory of retribution of Kant and Hegel, the life of human is so most important that the killer should be punished for death penalty. From the general prevention theory, a person is punished on death penalty in order to prevent of crimes. So, death penalty should be confined to the most serious crime. Because of history and reality, it is not realistic to abolish death penalty in our country . However, it is realis- tic to abolition of death penal of economic crime and property crime. This article, from the point of view of criminal punishment philosophy, dwells on the necessity about abolition of death penalty of economic crimes in China.