北京某社区糖尿病患者健康教育干预及其效果评价

The Intervention of Health Education and Its Effect on Patients with Diabetes in Some Community of Beijing

目的探讨社区健康教育对糖尿病患者知、信、行(KAP)的影响,为制定有效的社区卫生服务站糖尿病健康教育方式提供依据。方法对2004年5月～2005年5月在北大地社区就医的276例糖尿病患者进行糖尿病相关知识和不良生活方式调查,并对其进行综合健康教育,对比健康教育前、后患者的糖尿病相关知识知晓率,观察其生活方式、饮食及行为的改变情况。结果健康教育后,糖尿病患者糖尿病相关知识知晓率显著高于教育前(P<0.01);合理饮食、规律运动、控制体重、情绪稳定人数较教育前显著增加(P<0.01);水果、食用油、食用蛋和豆类摄入量较健康教育前有所下降(P<0.05)。患者健康教育前后运动、行为(除每周锻炼时间外)间差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);健康教育后每周锻炼超过3d的人数较健康教育前增加了2.5%,每天锻炼超过60min的人数分较健康教育前增加了5%。结论对糖尿病患者实施综合的健康教育可以提高患者糖尿病相关知识知晓率,改变不良生活方式。

Objective To study the influence of healthy education on knowledge, attitude and behavior of the community patients with diabetes. The plan for healthy education was made on the basis of the findings. Methods The knowledge and life style of 276 patients with diabetes in the community were investigated, then healthy education were given to the patients from May 2004 to May 2005. The data before and after the healthy education were statistically analyzed. Results After the healthy education the rate of the health knowledge about diabetes had increased evidently than before the healthy education （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; the number of the patients in proper diet, regularly exercise, body weight control, motion stability has increased evidently （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; the patients had decreased intake of fruit, oil, egg and beans （ P 〈 0. 05） ; the patients exercise more than 3 days every week have raised by 2. 5%, the patients exercise more than 60 minutes every day have raised by 5%. Conclusion After healthy education the community patients with diabetes could change their style of living, increase the rate of the health knowl- edge knowing about diabetes.