组织工程细胞支架的免疫原性研究

Immunogenicity of tissue-engineered cell scaffold

目的:以组织工程血管脱细胞支架和仿生髓核组织工程细胞支架、周围神经去细胞神经基膜管为例,介绍组织工程脱细胞支架的免疫原性研究情况。方法:应用计算机检索Medline1997-01/2007-03关于免疫原性的文章。检索词"Immunotoxicology"并限定文章的语种类为English。同时利用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1997-01/2007-03的相关文章,限定文章语言种类为中文,检索词"组织工程,免疫原性"。结果:主要组织相容性复合体Ⅰ免疫组织化学方法能够检测血管脱细胞支架的免疫原性;组织学观察及反转录-聚合酶链反应检测γ-干扰素、白细胞介素2、白细胞介素4、白细胞介素10mRNA表达,可以反映仿生髓核组织工程支架的免疫原性;主要组织相容性复合体Ⅱ抗原可以反映出经过化学萃取后的去细胞预变性神经基膜血管结构保留较完整,免疫原性低。结论:脱细胞可以极大地降低组织工程支架的免疫原性,从而使得组织工程产品有更广阔的使用前景。

AIM： To study the immunogenicity of acellular scaffold by introducing tissue engineered acellular scaffold and bionic scaffold of nucleus pulposus tissue engineering, and acellular nerve basal membrane conduit of vector in the peripheral nerve tissue engineering. METHODS： The relevant articles on immunogenicity of scaffold in tissue engineering dated between January 1997 and March 2007 were searched in Medline with the keywords of ＂immunotoxicology＂. Meanwhile, we searched China Journal Full-text Database for the related articles published between January 1997 and March 2007 with the keywords of ＂tissue engineering, immunogenicity＂ in Chinese. RESULTS： Major histocompability complex Ⅰ （MHC Ⅰ ） immunohistochemical staining can serve as a valuable method to detect the immunogenicity of vascular bioscaffold; gamma-interferon, interleukin-2 （IL-2）, IL-4, and IL-10 mRNA expression detected by histological observation and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） could reflect the immunogenicity of bionic scaffold of nucleus pulposus tissue engineering. MHC Ⅱ antigen reflects that the structures of initial degenerative acellular nerve basal membrane conduit are relatively complete with low immunogenicity after extraction. CONCLUSION： Acellularization procedure can result in a complete removal of cells and decrease of immunogenicity, and lead to a widely applied prospect for tissue-engineered products.