俄罗斯经济的竞争力、发展困境及其出路

Russian Economy: Competitiveness, Development Stalemate & Way Out

自从俄罗斯和部分东欧国家开始向市场经济过渡以来,市场经济越来越体现出全球化的特征。在经济全球化的今天,摆在俄罗斯面前的任务是尽快地融入世界经济。尽管与苏联时期的经济封闭、人员和商品甚至在社会主义阵营间的流动都要受到一定限制相比,俄罗斯经济当前的对外开放程度显然要高得多,但融入世界经济对其而言仍然任重道远。它所面临的实质问题并不是简单地"融入"世界经济,而是以怎样的身份来参与经济全球化,是作为发达国家的原材料附庸国、各国产品的倾销市场、一个没有支付能力的债务人?还是作为经济全球化中一个平等、积极发展的成员?本文欲通过分析俄罗斯在世界经济中的地位与竞争力及其与世界经济的互动程度,总结出俄罗斯在21世纪的经济全球化中所遭遇的困境,并指出可能的出路和发展方向。

Market economy has increasingly been the special feature of globalization since Russia and certain East European countries began transitioning towards market economy. In the economic globalization of today, Russia is confronted with the task to integrate itself into the world economy.The degree of opening up of the present Russian economy is obvious much greater than the Soviet period when the economy was closed and the flow of personnel and commodities even inside the socialist camp was considerably restricted. But it is still a long way to go as far as integration into the world economy is concerned. The essential question is not a simple integration into the world economy, but rather a question of what identity it is to participate in economic globalization. As a raw material country subordinate to the developed countries, a dumping market for products of all countries, a debtor without capacity of payment, or as a member of economic globalization enjoying equal and active development? This article intends to sum up the predicament of Russian economic globalization in the 21st century through analyzing its status and competitiveness in world economy and its interaction with world economy and points out its possible way out and development.