钨热阴极发射机制的研究进展

On Study Progress of the Tungsten Thermionic Cathode Emission Mechanism

综述了钨热阴极发射机制研究进展,系统回顾了历史上先后出现的单原子层偶极子理论、半导体模型、动态表面发射中心理论等热电子发射传统理论,分析了每一种理论的特点以及不足。介绍了钨热阴极发射理论的新进展,重点介绍了镧钨阴极的纳米微粒子(薄膜)理论和钪钨阴极的发射理论。提出现阶段进行热电子发射理论研究的必要性,指出发射机制研究是热电子发射材料一个重要的研究内容。

Progress in the study of the tungsten thermionic cathode emission mechanism is summarized. The thermionic theories, such as, the monoatomic layer and dipole theory, the semi-conductor model and the model of dynamical surface emission centers, are reviewed in this paper, then the defects of them are pointed out. New progresses in study of the Tungsten thermionic cathode were introduced, especially the ＂nanometer particles （film）＂ emitting theory on Lanthanum Tungsten cathode and the emission theory on Scandate Tungsten cathode. The study on the thermionic emission mechanism is an important research field of cathode materials at the present stage.