英雄与民主——古代雅典民主政治剖析

Heroes and Democracy:An Analysis of the Athenian Democracy According to the Political Theory of Sidney Hooker

本文通过考察和分析古典时代雅典民主政治的种种现象,说明雅典民主政治领袖的作用及其与民众的关系,揭示古希腊宗教和哲学中根深蒂固的防范英雄观念。这种观念在古典时代的雅典得到充分的发挥和贯彻,具体表现在雅典的法律和政治制度中。笔者认为,这种对英雄的防范意识和做法充分体现了古典时代雅典人的政治智慧。雅典的政治领袖们正是这种民主制度和规则的产物。他们遵守这种制度和规则并为之受难。

This paper attempts to analyze various phenomena of democratic Athens in the classical age according to the political theory of Sidney Hook.The ideology of guarding against heroes deeply rooted in the thoughts of ancient Greek religions and philosophies,and developed gradually into a political theory in the Classical age,and manifestly incarnated in Classical Athens' laws and systems,which embodied the political wisdom of Classical Athenians.