明清时期江南市镇的社会运行机制——以金山朱泾镇为个案的考察

The Social Operating Mechanism of Township in the South China in the Ming and Qing Dynasties——A case study on Zhujing town in Jinshan county

十六世纪,中国资本主义萌芽在江南诞生,江南市镇普遍兴起。朱泾镇从一般乡村聚落发展为唐代的集市,明代之市镇,特别是在明清时期,社会经济空前繁荣,确立了区域经济、政治和文化中心地位。此中除了其优越的自然条件外,其健全而有效的社会运行机制适应了当时以小农经济为基础的江南商品社会的发展。明清时期的朱泾镇依靠国家的力量和地方势力的积极参与,建立了良好的社会运行机制。

In the 16th century, the capitalism was beginning to develop in the South China. Zhujing Town was evolved from a small village into a market in the Tang dynasty, a big town in the Ming dynasty. Especially in the Ming and Qing periods, Zhujing town＇s society and economy were flourishing, and the center of regional economy, politics and culture was established. In addition to its advantageous natural conditions, the perfect and effective social operating mechanism accommodated well to the development of the South China commercial society that was based petty peasant economy. The favorable operating social mechanism was the essential prerequisite of the social development. Zhujing town established the favorable operating social mechanism relying on the national force and active involvement of the local forces during the MingQing dynasties.