γ-氨基丁酸对猪生产性能及激素水平影响(英文)

Effects of γ-Aminobutyric Acid on the Performance and Internal Hormone Levels in Growing Pigs

为探讨日粮中添加γ-氨基丁酸对猪的促生长效果及其与生长、摄食及代谢相关激素之间的联系。试验选用（34.07±0.01）kg的杜长大三元杂交猪60头，随机分到3个处理中，每个处理4个重复，每个重复5头猪。试验采用单因子设计，按日粮添加水平设基础日粮组（0 mg/kgγ-氨基丁酸）、基础日粮＋50 mg/kgγ-氨基丁酸和基础日粮＋100 mg/kgγ-氨基丁酸3个处理，试验期28 d。结果表明，γ-氨基丁酸对猪的促生长作用明显，但随生长阶段和作用剂量不同存在一定差异，主要体现在试验3-4周，以100 mg/kg的效果较为突出。100 mg/kg组试验猪第3周（P〈0.1）、第4周（P〈0.05）及0-4周（P〈0.1）的ADG和第4周（P〈0.01）、3-4周（P〈0.1）的ADFI以及0-4周（P〈0.05）的F/G都明显超过对照组。日粮中添加γ-氨基丁酸显著促进了试验猪体内生长激素（P〈0.05）和褪黑素（P〈0.05）的分泌，明显提高了小猪体内促甲状腺激素水平（P〈0.1），这也与良好的生产性能吻合，但作用程度随试验阶段和激素种类不同而存在一定差别。总的看来，日粮中添加γ-氨基丁酸能够有效改善小猪生产性能，促进生长，但为获得理想结果必须考虑添加剂量与使用时间。

A study was conducted to determine the effects of feeding γ-aminobutyric acid （GABA） on the growth performance and its relation with the related hormones of growth, food intake and metabolism in pigs, Sixty Duroc × （Landrace × Large Yorkshire） growing pigs with an average initial body weight （BW） of （34.07 ± 0.01） kg, were randomly allotted to three treatment groups with 4 replications of 5 pigs per replicate pen for each treatment in 28 days trial, The treatments were designed in a single factorial arrangement, and were as follows： （1） basal diet without GABA, （2） basal diet with 50 mg/kg GABA, and （3） basal diet with 100 mg/kg GABA. The results showed that γ-aminobutyric acid with 100 mg/kg has a significant effect on growth performance （P〈0.1）. However, the effect varied from the growth stages and the dosage of γ-aminobutyric acid added in the diets. In this trial, diet with 100 mg/kg GABA had significantly improved the performance during the growing period from Week 3 to Week 4 compared with the control. The results indicated that pigs grew faster in Week 3 （P〈0.1） , Week 4 （P〈0.05） and Week 0 to Week 4 （P〈0.1） . The results also indicated that pigs in treat 1 and treat 2 ate more than those pigs fed on basal diets in Week 4（P〈0.01） as well as from Week 3 to Week 4 （P〈0.1） when they were provided 100 mg/kg GABA. Therefore, the F/G in 100 mg/kg GABA was improved more than the control during the whole trial（P〈0.05） . In addition, GABA obviously promoted the secretion of growth hormone （P〈0.05）, melatonin （P〈0.05） and thyroid stimulating hormone （P〈0.1） of experimental pigs. However, there were some differences on the effect of GABA according to different experimental stages as well as types of hormone, In summary, GABA can effectively improve the performance when they fed pigs. However, it was noted that the level and using time must be taken into consideration in order to obtain a better effect.