试论郝经文学创作的渊源与造诣

On the Source and Attainments of the Literary Creation of HAO Jing

郝经以理学著名,对其文学成就与文学史地位历来较少注意。文章以郝氏文论为主并联系其各体文学方面的创作实践,探索其文学创作的渊源及其艺术上所达到的成就,指出郝经以金代中期以来形成的"国朝文派"为其文学基础,并上溯到以北宋中期文学为下限的整个古代文学传统,对宣和以下的宋代文学则有所贬抑,隐含有以金元文学为正统的文学史观。郝经同时继承宋金时代理学与文学两方面的传统,重视诗赋文章的艺术表现,注重才情,表现出气格与法度并重的创作倾向。其古文继承唐宋古文家的思想与艺术传统,古体诗与辞赋则追仿汉魏六朝的风格。郝经作为一个处于复杂交错的政治、族群及文化背景中的文学家,是十分值得研究的。

HAO Jing is famous for his Neo-Confucianism, while his literary achievements and position in literary history are neglected. This article tries to probe the source and attainments of his literary creation based on his literary theory and practice concerning different literary genres. It points out that HAO Jing bases his literary creation on ＂Literary School of This Dynasty Language＂ from Mid-Jin Dynasty, tracing back to the complete tradition of ancient literature ended at Mid Northern Song Dynasty. He despises literature after Emperor Xuanhe, hinting at having literature of Jin and Yuan dynasties as the orthodox. HAO Jing also inherits traditions of Neo-Confucianism and literature of Song and Jin dynasties, appreciating artistic expression of verse and prose, admiring talent and showing a tendency of magnanimity and moral standard. His ancient prose inherits the ideas and artistic tradition of prose writers in Tang and Song dynasties, and his classical poems, Ci and Fu is characterized with styles of Han, Wei and Six dynasties. This article also points out that HAO Jing as a man of letters against a complicated political, national and cultural background is worthy of our study.