风险管理在建筑现场安全管理中的实际应用

The Practical Application of Risk Management in the Safety Management of Construction Site

研究目的:从源头上来控制建筑现场危险,减少重大安全事故的发生,保障现场人员的安全及健康,增加雇主对于现场安全管理应负的责任,提高对于事故违反者的处罚,使安全管理水平达到发达国家前10名标准。研究方法:现场安全管理引入风险管理的方法,即识别现场工作活动中可能存在的危险,评估危险发生的概率和危险的严重程度,从而确定风险发生的等级,利用"层级理论"控制方法,采取相应的风险控制措施将危险降低到可以接受的程度。研究结果:形成现场工作活动盘点表和现场工作活动风险评估表,风险评估表成为现场安全管理的依据和指导,一并纳入现场安全审计范围,也将成为安全事故责任划分的重要依据。研究结论:现场安全管理目标和方法明确,提高了现场安全管理的效率和水平,对现场安全事故的发生起到了有效预防作用。

Research purposes： The primary goal is to reduce construction workplace fatalities by controlling the hazards at source and to secure the safety and health of site personnel with a more equitable distribution of accountability for accidents across all the shareholders and an increase in the penalties for those convicted of violations. The government of Singapore promotes the risk assessment for the management of site safety and health management by legislation in order to meet the safety management of top 10 developed countries. Research methods：The approaches are to identify all the hazards associated with the activity of each process and type of potential accidents or incidents, to evaluate the Severity of Hazard and Likelihood of Occurrence, to determine the risk level. Based on the level of risk determined, risk controls measures should be selected to reduce the risk level to an acceptable level. Research results：Risk assessment will be formalized to be the Inventory of Site Activities and Activity - Based Risk Assessment Form, which will become the guidelines for the site safety management together audited by the safety auditor, and also be the base to apportion relative responsibility of accidents. Research conclusions：Risk Management crystalizes the safety management goal and controlling measures as well as promotes the site safety management efficiency and level, and it takes effectively precaution against the site accidents.