试述明代宫廷史的分期与特点

A Tentative Discussion of the Periods in the Development of the Ming Palaces and the Special Characteristics of Each Phase

明代宫廷史是明代历史的重要组成部分,也是故宫学研究的重要内容之一。本文以宫廷中各种势力间的相互关系、帝王本人的执政方式、宦官、内阁与皇帝的关系、宫廷文化的发展变化、国家与宫廷的财政关系及其变化等内容为依据,将明代宫廷史划分为三个阶段,分别为洪武至宣德朝、正统至正德朝、嘉靖至崇祯朝。每一阶段都有各自不同的特点,这些特点的背后则是错综复杂的宫廷史内容。

The history of the Ming Dynasty palaces is an important aspect of general Ming Dynasty history,as well as being a major part of Gugong studies.This article examines the interrelationships between different powers within the palace;the ruling mode of the emperor himself;and,the economic and political relationships between the state and the palace,as well as changes in these relationships.On the basis of these aspects,the author divides the history of the Ming Dynasty palace into three stages:from the Hongwu reign to the Xuande reign; from the Zhengtong to the Zhengde reign;and from the Jiajing reaign to the Chongzhen reign. Each period was characterised by its own features,and their background was informed by the complexities of palace history