医科大学生对儿童铅中毒知识的认知现状调查

Investigation on Knowledge, attitude and Behavior about Children lead Poisoning Knowledge among Medical University Students

目的了解大学生对儿童铅中毒知识的认知与态度，为大学生的食品健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法，抽取广东药学院276名大学生进行问卷调查。结果大学生对儿童铅中毒知识总正确回答率为62．0％，其中各部分平均正确回答率从高到低依次为危害防治（68．2％）、不良行为（65．3％）、转运转化（65．0％）、铅污染源（51．7％）。大学生有58．3％～90．8％认识到铅矿开采、冶炼，汽车尾气、含铅油墨印制的包装袋、室内油漆涂料，儿童学习用品、玩具中着色漆层和颜料，染发剂等铅污染源，但尚有14．3％～63．1％人员不知道陶瓷彩釉餐具、茶具，吸烟，高脂饮食（如巧克力、奶油等），爆米花和松花蛋等食品，水晶制品（如婴儿水晶奶瓶），吃烛光晚餐、报刊杂志等铅污染源。仅52．5％的大学生知道儿童铅中毒有5级诊断标准，仅38．3％～43．1％的大学生知道铅中毒主要导致消化系统的损伤。男生、本科生的铅污染源、转运转化、不良行为、危害防治知识的总正确回答率高于女生、专科生，城镇籍学生的铅污染源知识的总正确回答率高于农村籍学生，预防医学专业学生的铅污染源、转运转化、不良行为、危害防治知识的总正确回答率高于护理专业学生，2004级学生的危害防治、不良行为、转运转化、铅污染源知识的总正确回答率高于2005级学生。结论大学生对儿童铅中毒知识了解不够，亟待加强教育。

Objective To provide a basis for health promotion of lead pollution and lead poisoning in university students, a survey of university students, s lead poisoning knowledge of university students was conducted. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 276 university students. By questionnaire, basic characteristics, cognition level to lead pollution source, transpotation and transformation, bad behavior, prevention and treatment have been investigated. Results The rate of the fight answers is 62.0% , but they had deviation in knowledge to lead pollution source and diagnose criterion. The e rate of the fight answers, s lead poisoning knowledge, transpotation and transformation, bad behavior, prevention and treatment had diference of aged, sex, etc. Coclusion The university students is not enough to care the knowledge of oral care and control very few, the idea is old, and we should continue to increase with renew the university students＇ consciousness of oral care ,and attain to discovers early ,examine a patienting early, cure early.