“的”用于已然动作的条件

The Conditions in Which "De" Is Used to Show Actions Had Been Done

本文讨论"的"用于已然动作的条件,并试图分化"的"与"了"的用法。"的"用于已然动作时,有其必须遵循的语法规则,即这个已然动作是发话人与听话人共知的。疑问句中发话人向听话人询问已然动作的时间、地点、方式等信息;陈述句中发话人向听话人传递已然动作的时间、地点、方式等信息。

In order to distinguish the usage of ＂de＂ and ＂le＂, this paper discusses the conditions in which ＂de＂ is used to show action had been done. When ＂de＂ is used in this condition, there are grammatical rules to follow exactly, that is, this action is known both by the addresser and by the addressee. The addresser of the interrogative sentence asks the addressee about the information of when, where and how the action was done. And the addresser of the declarative sentence tells the addressee all of the information.