北方三系杂交粳稻研究实现产量突破存在的技术问题及其对策

Technique Problems Existing in Yield Breakthrough on Three-Line Hybrid Japonica Rice Research and Countermeasures

针对我国北方杂交粳稻多年以来存在着停滞不前的状况,从选育技术层面分析了存在问题的原因,主要表现在不育系选择面变窄,恢复系更新换代缓慢,粳亚种内配组优势小和籽粒重量偏低四个方面。同时,通过借鉴目前水稻发展的成就和本人的研究成果,提出了扩大不育系选择范围,加强广亲和籼型恢复系的选择力度,积极利用亚种间优势和构建理想株型选育四个方面的选育对策和技术方法。提出在着重提高产量的同时必须要兼顾抗性和品质的提高。

The technique reasons for the stagnation of hybrid japonica rice breeding in north China for many years were analyzed, that is, narrow selection of sterile lines, slow regeneration of restorers, minor priority of combination between japonica sub-species, and lower grain weight. Meanwhile, through the reference of current rice research achievements and authors＇results, the countermeasures to broaden selecting scope of sterile lines, to strengthen selection of indica wide compatibility restorers, to make use of priority between sub-species and to construct ideal plant type were pointed out. High yield as well as fine quality and stress resistance must be emphasized.