杜仲高产胶无性系遗传参数估计与改良效果分析

Genetic Parameter Estimation and Analysis on Improvement Effect of High-Yielding Gutta-percha Clones Associate with Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

以杜仲35个无性系为研究材料,以5 a的性状测定数据为基础,对杜仲无性系叶片性状、树皮性状、果实性状、产量进行了遗传参数估计和改良效果分析。结果表明：叶片性状、树皮性状、果实性状、产量性状的重复力均较高,为0.54~0.97。表型变异系数叶片性状和树皮性状的较低,而果实性状和产量性状的相对较高。分别根据叶片含胶率、树皮含胶率、果实含胶率和产量筛选出了4个高产胶无性系,其遗传改良效果分析结果表明,叶片含胶率、树皮含胶率、果实含胶率和产量的遗传增益分别为21.10%、54.95%、12.17%和55.22%。说明这些性状的遗传改良效果均较好,所筛选出来的无性系可以大大提高产胶量和果实产量,该研究为杜仲高产胶优良无性系的进一步栽培和推广提供了重要的理论依据。

Based on 5 years＇ data of traits from 35 Eucommia clones, genetic parameter estimation and improvement effect analysis were conducted respectively on traits of leaf, bark, samara and yield. The results indicated that repeatability as high as 0.54 ~ 0.97 was obtained from traits of leaf, bark, samara and yield. The genetic parameters of leaf trait and bark trait were low while genetic parameters were higher from trait of samara and yield. Four highyielding gutta-percha clones were selected by means of gutta-percha containing rate in leaf, bark and samara as well as total yield. Analysis on genetic improvement effect suggested that genetic gains were 21.10%, 54.9%, 12.17% and 52.22% in terms of gutta-percha containing rate in leaf, bark, samara and total yield, respectively, which indicated that the effect of genetic improvement was going well and yield of gutta-percha was enhanced.