粪便高温堆肥及其施用效果研究综述

Review on Thermophilic Compost and Its Application Effect

本文综述了国内外高温堆肥系统的堆肥条件、调控方法、堆肥腐熟度指标以及农田施用效果的研究进展。尽管畜禽粪便是有机肥料的主要来源,但是其携带的大量病原菌、寄生虫卵和有毒物质是影响畜禽粪便农田利用的主要原因。好氧堆肥的主要目的是杀灭粪便中携带的有害病菌和寄生虫卵,将原料中的高分子经过微生物分解为稳定的物质。如何选择堆肥腐熟度指标和利用这些指标是判定堆肥稳定与否的重要条件。最终达到合理施用有机肥、提高作物品质、改善土壤环境质量条件的目的。

Progress of research on composting system including conditions, control methods, indicators of compost maturity and their application effect to the farming fields were reviewed in the article. Animal manures were the main source of organic fertilizer, but their application for farming lands were limited due to a lot of pathogens, parasite ova and toxicant contained. The main purposes to conduct aerobic compost are kiUing the pathogens and parasite ova, and degrading the high polymeric matters by microbes. It＇s very important to select and apply indicators of maturity so that stable degree of compost can be judged correctly, which is helpful to apply organic fertilizer reasonably, improve the quality of crop products and improve the quality of soil environment.