《老乞大》和《朴通事》中的显性祈使句

On Explicit Imperative Sentences in Lao-Qi-Da & Piao-Tong-Shi

祈使句是《老乞大》和《朴通事》中的一种基本句类,类型多,分布广,本身又积淀了丰富的历史语言信息。祈使句按其形式有显性和隐性之分,本文着重探讨了二书中的显性祈使句。在全面描写、穷尽统计和分类对比的基础上,本文聚焦于祈使句相关指标与各书篇幅之间的不相称现象,进而确认:《老乞大》以口语性见长,《朴通事》以文学性取胜,二者的语料价值不可等量齐观。

Imperative sentences are an essential sentence pattern in Lao-Qi-Da and Piao-Tong-Shi,two textbooks meant for teaching Chinese to Koreans in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties.The sentence pattern is characterized by its multiple varieties and extensive distribution as well as the rich historically-linguistic information embedded therein.Imperative sentences are either explicit or implicit judging from their stylistic features,and the present paper addresses the explicit ones in both books.Based on a comprehensively descriptive,statistical and contrastive analysis,the paper confirms a mismatch between relevant indexes of imperative sentences and respective lengths of the two texts,thereby concluding that,as Lao-Qi-Da is characterized by an oral,colloquial style,whereas Piao-Tong-Shi is of more literary value,the two texts are valuable on different dimensions.