茶树种苗工厂化快速繁育技术

Rapid Propagation of Tea Clonal Seedlings in Auto-controlled Greenhouse

本文在全自动智能化温室内,按组培+温室培育和直接温室扦插培育两条技术路线,采用不同材料进行了茶树工厂化育苗试验。结果表明,以田间材料为组培起始物时,春季新梢第三腋芽萌发率最好,每周期增殖率可达2.75倍左右,成苗率在20%以上,直接移植生根率为成活小苗的90%左右。一年双季育苗试验表明,春夏季育苗在3月中旬开始,5个月后,茶苗高度达20.4±8.3cm,练苗后移栽成活率近100%;秋冬季育苗在8～9月初开始,冬季完成根系建立,开春后达20cm以上高度,练苗后移栽;施肥处理茶苗高度的增加量是不施肥对照的5.9倍。

The rapid propagation of tea clonal seedling was carried out in auto-controlled greenhouse. The result showed that when the technical route of tissue culture-direct rooting-greenhouse incubating was followed, the optimal initial explant was the third axillary bud of spring shoots, which possessed the best germination rate, proliferated 2.75 times in one incubation cycle, and 20% of the cultures could grow to more than 5 cm length every cycles. On the other hand, when the technical route of direct greenhouse cutting and incubation was followed, biannual proliferation could be achieved with one started in middle March and harvested after 5 months while the height of seedlings reached 20.4±8.3 cm, the transplant survival rate of these seedlings was close to 100% after they were proper conditioned. The other proliferation started at about Aug. to Sept., after about 6 month＇s incubation, the height of those seedlings reached more than 20 cm after the rootage was established during winter. The increment of seedling height of those fertilized was 5.9 times as much as those unfertilized.