“得州骑警”与“九宫格”练习的发展

Texas Rangers and Nine-square Problem

在现代建筑设计和教学思想的发展中,20世纪50年代的"得州骑警"重新回顾现代建筑空间形式的基础,探索系统的教授现代建筑的方法,形成了以"九宫格"练习为代表的,现代建筑设计与教学的新的学科规训基础。在"得州骑警"对现代建筑设计与教学的研究中,20世纪20年代的"多米诺"结构和"空间构成"这两个现代建筑的重要图式为其界定了办学背景,以柯林·罗为代表的战后形式主义研究则展开了对单纯功能主义设计方法的批判。在这些基础上,相继在画家斯路茨基和建筑师海杜克等人的工作室中,逐渐由抽象形式到具体建造,发展出"九宫格"练习,和一套"装配部件"式的设计方法,并与"建筑分析"练习、"方盒子"练习等一起,开辟了战后现代建筑设计与教学的一个重要源流,产生了广泛而深远的影响。

In 1950s, Texas Rangers retrospected the basis of modern architectural form and space, searched for a new way to teach ＂modern architecture＂ in Texas School, where the famous ＂nine-square problem＂ emerged as a new disciplinary foundation for high modern architectural design and pedagogy, For Texas Rangers, the two 1920s＇ pictures of Le Corbusiers＇s ＂frame structure＂ and van Doesburg＇s ＂construction in space＂ constituted their situation, on the other hand, Colin Rowe＇s influence gave rise to a formalist reconstruction of postwar modernism in contrast to the simplified functionalism which is prevailing at that time. On this basis, firstly in the painter＇s studio of Slutzky and Hirsche and finally in the architect＇s studio of Hejduck, ＂nine-square problem＂, together with the design method of ＂kit of parts＂, gradually took its full shape from abstract form to concrete building, which, followed by other exercises including ＂architectural analysis problem＂ and ＂cube problem＂, formed an important stream of postwar modern architectural design and pedagogy.