北柴胡营养器官中主要化学成分的组织化学定位及其含量比较

HISTOCHEMECAL LOCALIZATION AND THE CONTENT COMPARE OF MAIN MEDICINAL COMPONENTS OF VEGETATIVE ORGANS IN BUPLEURUM CHINENSE DC.

应用植物解剖学、组织化学定位和植物化学方法,研究了北柴胡各营养器官中柴胡皂苷和黄酮类化合物的积累分布状态及其含量变化。结果表明,柴胡皂苷在根中分布在中柱鞘和次生韧皮部中;在茎中主要分布在表皮、棱角处的厚角组织以及位于皮层和髓中的分泌道的上皮细胞中;在叶中,则分布在表皮细胞和整个叶肉组织中。而黄酮类化合物在茎中分布在表皮、棱角处的厚角组织、皮层、髓射线和髓鞘细胞中;在叶中,则主要分布在表皮和位于上下表皮内的厚角组织中。同时,北柴胡中柴胡总皂苷在根、茎、叶中的含量的变化规律为根>叶>茎;而总黄酮在根、茎、叶中的含量的变化规律为叶>茎>根;且在叶中含量相当高,从而为北柴胡的综合利用提供依据,对合理利用药材和保护北柴胡资源也有一定意义。

The paraffin sectioning, histochemistry and phytochemistry methods were applied in the study of the localization and the content changes of saponins and flavonoids in the vegetative organs in Bupleurum Chinense DC.. The results showed that the saponins distributed in vascular cambium and secondary phloem of the root; In the stem, they distributed mainly in epiderm,collenchyma and the epithelial cells of the secretory canals which lied in cortex and pith; In the leaf, they distributed in the epiderm and spongy and palisade. However, flavonoids distributed in epiderm, collenchyma,cortex, pith path and myelin shealth cells of the stem; In the leaf, they were located mainly in the epiderm and the collenchyma. Meanwhile, the content of saponins in vegetative organs showed a changing law that the accumulation of them in the root occupied first place, the leaf came second and the stem was the lowest. But the content of flavonoids in leaf was higher than that in stem, and the content of them in stem was higher than that in root. Besides, the content of flavonoids in leaf was considerably high, thus it could offer basis for comprehensive utilization of Bupleurum Chinense DC. and made sense for both exploiting legitimately drug and conserving resource of Bupleurum Chinense DC..