X射线成像技术在医学中应用

X-ray imaging technology in medical applications

文章介绍了在医学中广泛应用的二维X射线摄影屏-胶片系统及三维计算机断层扫描成像技术。并对二维X射线摄影技术的发展,例如数字减影血管造影(DSA),计算机放射成像(CR)和直接数字化X射线摄影(DR)以及三维成像新技术,如螺旋计算机断层扫描技术(螺旋CT),正电子发射体层/多层螺旋CT图像融合扫描装置(简称PET-CT)和相位衬度成像技术的原理和应用作了简单描述。医学图像后处理是现代医学图像设备不可或缺的组成部分,先验医学知识的融入使现代图像设备具有辅助诊断的能力。

An introduction to 2D X-ray radiography and 3D computed tomography （CT） which are used in clinics and hospitals worldwide is given. The development, principles and primary applications of modern medical image equipment such as digital subtraction angiography, computed radiography, digital radiography, spiral CT, positron emission tomography/CT, and phase-contrast imaging are also described. Image post-processing is a very important part of modern medical imaging equipment. Combined with medical a priori knowledge, modern CT scanners have even more powerful capabilities in computer-aided diagnosis.