重庆地区0～6岁儿童人类偏肺病毒感染状况调查

Survey of seroprevalence of human metapneumovirus infection in children of Chongqing area

目的检测重庆地区0～6岁儿童人类偏肺病毒(hMPV)特异性IgG抗体,了解其感染状况。方法由于hMPV与呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)同属副黏病毒科,需首先明确hMPV与RSV有否交叉抗原。故采用RSV抗原吸附血清标本中可能存在的RSV抗体,用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法比较未经吸附和已吸附RSV抗体的血清与RSV或hMPV感染细胞裂解液的反应情况;制备抗hMPV兔血清,用免疫印迹法检测该血清与hMPV和RSV反应性,进一步排除RSV和hMPV间存在交叉抗原的可能性。然后用hMPV感染的Vero-E6细胞裂解液为抗原,用ELISA法检测重庆医大附属儿童医院的325份0～6岁不同年龄非呼吸道感染患儿和正常儿童的血清标本中hMPVIgG抗体。结果经RSV抗原吸附的血清与RSV抗原反应性明显降低,同一血清与hMPV的反应性却无明显改变;免疫印迹法证实,用hMPV抗原免疫家兔获得的抗hMPV抗血清仅与hMPV抗原反应,而不与RSV抗原反应,提示RSV与hMPV间并无交叉抗原性。用ELISA法检测不同年龄组儿童血清中hMPVIgG抗体阳性率分别为0～5月龄74·5%,6～11月龄64·0%,12～23月龄、24～35月龄、3～6岁组分别为72·7%、90·3%、93·1%。在各年龄组中RSV与hMPV阳性率非常相近。结论hMPV是重庆地区0～6岁儿童常见的呼吸道病原,既往感染率与RSV相似,至6岁时儿童几乎均经历过hMPV感染。

Objective To define the seropositivity of hMPV IgG antibodies in different age group children in Chongqing. Methods The specificity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ ELISA） was firstly validated by using RSV infected cell lysates substracted sero and western blotting based on anti-hMPV animal serum. This assay was subsequently used to determine the presence of IgG antibody to hMPV and RSV in 325 serum samples from children aged 0 - 6 years. Results There was no cross-reaction between hMPV and RSV ELISA observed. Seropositivity of anti-hMPV IgG antibody in children aged 0 to 5 months was 74. 5% , and it was 64% for children aged 6 to 11 months ,72.7% for children aged 12 to 23 months ,90.3% for children aged 24 to 35 months and 93.1% for children 3 to 6 years old,respectively. The seropositivity rates of hMPV and RSV were considerably similar in almost all age groups. Condusion HMPV appeam to be a common and important respiratory,pathogen in Chongqing＇s children. Almost all individuals have exposed to hMPV by the age of 6.