2Ipploito G,Puro v,Heptonstall J,et al.Occupational human immunodeficiency virus infection in health care workers:worldwide cases through September 1997[J].Clin Infect Dis 1999,28:365-383
3Panlilio AL,Cardo DM,Campbell S,et al.Estimate of the annual number number of percutaneous injuries in U.S.healthcare workers[J].Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2000,21:152
4CDC.Updated U.S.public health service guidelines for the management of occupational exposures to HBV,HCV,and HIV and recommendations for post exposure Prophylaxis[J].MMWR,2001,50:1-56
5Wenzel RP.Prevention and control of nosocomial Infections[J].Baltimore:Williams&Wilkins,1997,313-320
2Homory BH. Underreporting of needlestick injuries in a university hospits]. Am J Infect Control,1983,11:174 - 177.
3Gerner HM, Ivey FD, Lane TW. Follow - up and education of employees exposed to a patient with HIV antibodies and massive bleeding.Am J Infect Control, 1989,17:349 - 352.
4Guo YL, SHIAO J, CHUANG YC, et al. Needlestick and sharps injuries among health care works in Taiwan. Epidemiol Infect, 1999,122:259 - 265.
5Barbara JF, Delorls EK, Steven MB, et al. Frequency of nonparental occupational exposures to blood and body fluids before and after universal precaution training. AM J Med, 1991, 90:145.
6Mishal Y, Yosefy C. Risk of transmission of viral disease by needle punctures and cut in hospital health care works. Harefuah,1998,135(9) :337 -339.