不同培养基对富集筛选脱色真菌菌群的效果比较

Effects of Different Media on Enriching and Screening Fungi Culture with the Abilities of Decolorizing Various Synthetic Dyes

利用活性黑RB5和活性红M-3BE作为筛选因子,从染料脱色效果、菌群产酶能力以及菌群中的微生物丰富度三方面比较了酵母培养基A、产漆酶真菌培养基B和白腐真菌培养基D在脱色真菌富集筛选方面的效果。富集筛选结果共得到11组具有明显脱色效果的真菌菌群,其中5组来自于D培养基,A和B培养基各获得3组。来自A培养基的3组菌群显示出最好的脱色效果和最大的菌群丰富度,对50mg/L的活性红M-3BE和酸性红A溶液的脱色率最高达到99.53%和97.42%,从中分离到了16株真菌,初步鉴定分属于水霉科、曲霉科(红曲霉属)、节壶菌科和白粉菌科;而B和D培养基中所获得的菌群脱色效果稍差,从中仅得到3株和2株真菌,初步鉴定属于酵母和青霉。A、B两种培养基在各种染料存在下更易产生木质素过氧化物酶,产漆酶能力较弱,而D培养基产漆酶活性较高。

In this paper 3 different media （A,for yeast cultivation ; B, for laccase producing; D, for white rot fungi cultivation） were compared in enriching and screening decolorizing fungi culture using Reactive Black 5 （RB5） and Reactive Red （M-3BE） from the following three points： deeolorization effects, abilities of producing enzymes and diversity of microbial community. 11 groups of fungi with obvious decolorization effects were obtained after enrichment for near one month. Among them, 6 groups came from medium D, the other two 3 groups from medium A and B, respectively. However, the 3 groups from medium A exhibited the highest microbial diversity and best decolofization results with 99.53% and 97.42% color removal rate of Reactive Red M-3BE and Acid Red. From them, 16 strains of fungi were isolated and primarily identified as Saprolegniaceae, Eurotiaceae （Monascus went）, Erysiphaceae and Physodermataceae. Fungi groups from medium B and D exhibited a bit lower color removal rate of various dyes and only 3 and 2 isolates primarily classified as Saccharomycetaceae and Eurotiaceae （ Penicillium ） were obtained from them. Fungi cultures in medium A and B could produce lignin peroxidase, and those in medium D could be detected higher activity of laccase. All the fungal cultures exhibited very weak activity of manganese dependant peroxidase.