术语的翻译现状及其规范化

Difference between and translation of technological terms and social science terms

术语在科技发展、文化传承和社会进步中起着举足轻重的作用。但术语有科技术语和社会科学术语之分。科技术语具有严密性、简明性、新颖性以及名词化等特点,语义单一,定义相对精确而固定,翻译时相对歧义较少。社会科学术语则具有深厚的语言和文化内涵,以及时代性与学科局限性等特点,翻译时容易产生歧义。社会科学术语的翻译可采用意译或直译加注的方法,以利于目的语读者真正理解其术语中所包含的文化内涵,同时还可根据术语构词法进行翻译创新。

Terms play an important role in the scientific development, cultural heritage and social progress. There are differences between these two types of terms. Technological terms have the characteristics of intensity, conciseness, novelty and nominalization. They are less ambiguous in translation due to their single semantic meanings and relatively accurate and fixed definitions. While social science terms easily cause ambiguities in translation since they have the characteristics of a deep linguistic and cultural connotation as well as time and field limitations. Social science terms can be translated through the methods of sense-for-sense translation or direct translation with annotation, in order that the target language readers can understand the cultural connotation included in the terms. While at the same time, we can have innovation in translating in accordance with the word formation for terms.