湘语“滴”的多功能用法

On the Functions of 滴[ti] in Hunan Dialect

粤语中(如广州话、东莞话)的"(口的)"[ti]可用作不定量词、指示词和结构助词,湘语中(主要见于湘语娄邵片)的"滴"[ti]与之音、义、用法大致相同,二者应同出一源。本文以娄底方言为例,描写了湘语"滴"的各种用法:用作不定量词,表示"些"或"一点儿";用作指示词,表示"这些"、"那些";用作结构助词,含有复数量意义。在此基础上勾勒出了"滴"由量词到结构助词的语法化轨迹,为汉语方言中量词虚化为结构助词的现象提供新的方言事实。

In Cantonese(口的)[ti]can be use as a non-definite quantifier,indexical word and auxiliary, which is similar to滴[ti]used in Hunan Dialect,mainly in dialects spoken in Loudi and Shaoyang.These two may be of the same origin.Taken dialect spoken in Loudi as an example,the paper describes the functions of滴[ti].1)non-definite quantifier,meaning'a little'or'a few';2)indexical word,referring to'these','those';and 3)auxiliary, denoting plurality.Based on the findings the paper depicts the process of grammaticalization of滴[ti]from a quantifier to an auxiliary,and provides some new evidences for the grammaticalization of quantifiers into auxiliaries.