汉英语气系统对比分析与翻译

A Contrastive Study of Mood between Chinese and English and its Translation

本文基于系统功能语法语气系统框架,以曹禺的剧本《雷雨》及其英译本为对比语料,考察汉语语气词"吧"、"呢"、"啊"、"呀"、"啦"的译文表现形式以及汉英翻译中的两种语言语气等效问题。汉语除了情态词,还运用语气词来表达说话者对事件、命题的判断和态度,而在与之对应的英语中,情态词汇手段却是主要语法资源。这一方面揭示了汉语语气词与情态意义的密切联系及其在展示人物性格和身份、构建话语人际功能的独特作用,另一方面也表明了汉语比英语有更丰富多彩、复杂细微的情态表义手段。

Mood is the linguistic realization of interpersonal meaning, which should be the main message conveyed in translation. This paper, based on the SFG＇s Mood system with the data of the play script Thunderstorm by Cao Yu and its English translation, explores the English versions of Chinese modal particles ba, ni, a, ya, la. The result shows that Chinese, besides modal lexis, has other large number of attitudinal grammatical resources such as mood structure, in particular the modal particles. This reveals that modal particles play an important role in revealing characters＇ personality and constructing their identity. On the other hand, it illustrates that Chinese has more varied and complicated devices in expressing interpersonal meaning.